Metodologia
La formula, le ipotesi e le fonti dietro il numero.
Gestito dal WaterDailyGoal TeamUltimo aggiornamento Aggiornamento editoriale; non è una revisione medica.
La formula, passo dopo passo
- WaterDailyGoal usa 33 ml/kg per stimare le bevande. Gli scenari di 30–40 ml/kg e i coefficienti di attività e clima sono ipotesi del sito, non fabbisogni personali validati né formule NAM/EFSA.
- kg × 0.033 L; +0 / +0.3 / +0.6 / +1.0 L; ×0.95 / ×1.0 / ×1.10.
- Gravidanza, allattamento e farmaci GLP-1 non modificano automaticamente la stima. I riferimenti di acqua totale includono gli alimenti; non sono dosi minime da bere. Segui le indicazioni cliniche individuali.
Il risultato è un obiettivo quotidiano di bevuta. Il cibo di solito aggiunge altra acqua, ma manteniamo il numero principale centrato su ciò che bevi davvero.
| Peso | Base | Obiettivo circa | Once |
|---|---|---|---|
| 60 kg (132 lb) | 2 L | 2.3 L | 78 oz |
| 70 kg (154 lb) | 2.3 L | 2.6 L | 88 oz |
| 80 kg (176 lb) | 2.6 L | 2.9 L | 98 oz |
| 90 kg (198 lb) | 3 L | 3.3 L | 112 oz |
Fonti
- 1.U.S. National Academies (IOM/NAM), 2005 — Adequate total water intake of about 3.7 L/day for men and 2.7 L/day for women, including water from food and all beverages.Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate, Summary: water adequate intakes; drinks and food
- 2.European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), 2010 — Adequate total water intake of 2.5 L/day for men and 2.0 L/day for women under temperate conditions.Scientific Opinion on Dietary Reference Values for water, EFSA Journal 8(3):1459, abstract and conclusions
- 3.World Health Organization (WHO) — Notes that daily water requirements are individual and rise with temperature, physical activity, and illness; general adult needs are commonly put on the order of 2–3 L of total water per day.
- 4.UK NHS (Eatwell Guide) — Suggests about 6–8 glasses (roughly 1.5–2 L) of fluid a day — water, lower-fat milk, tea and coffee all count toward the total.
- 5.Mayo Clinic — General guidance of roughly 2.7–3.7 L of total fluids a day, with thirst and pale-yellow urine as everyday checks.
- 6.U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) — The human body is about 60% water by weight.
- 7.Killer, Blannin & Jeukendrup, PLOS ONE 2014 — A three-day crossover trial in 50 habitual male coffee drinkers compared four 200 ml coffee servings with water and found no significant differences in hydration markers; not a general caffeine safety threshold.
- 8.Maughan et al., Beverage Hydration Index, AJCN 2016 — A controlled short-term study in 72 healthy, hydrated men compared urine output after 1 L of different drinks. Milk and ORS showed greater short-term retention; BHI is not a conversion to effective beverage volume or proof of long-term benefit.AJCN 103(3):717–723; abstract, methods and results (2-hour BHI and 4-hour cumulative urine)